Cairo on 9 Muharram 620 AH / 1223 - died in Cairo in 692 AH / 1292) [2]. Nicknamed the "chief people Altersl" and "governing by Proser" [3]. Judge Egypt and his Cabinet Construction [4] [5] State Mamluk, who lived in the era of the sultans Qtz, and Zahir Baybars and his two sons pool and Slamc and Qalawun, and Ashraf Khalil, A famous book "Rawd bright in the biography of King Zahir" about the life and works of Sultan Zahir Baybars Bunduqdari [6], giving historical information integrated with the era of al-Zahir Baybars. Baybars after taking power in 1260 was the first most important services in writing a message on his tongue to the pool Khan King of the Golden Horde Mongols, who converted to Islam, which incites to Hulagu and the Mongols of Persia (Alikhanat). Maqrizi relied on the parts of the book "Kindergarten Gorgeous plans consoling in the depths of Cairo" in writing "plans Almqrizip." His works include other "honor the days and times in the biography of Malik al-Mansur," about the life of the Sultan Qalawun and facts of his term, and "the MQM from the hidden curriculum Bowl Ashrafieh honest" about the life of Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil ibn Qalawun and his reign. Diwan nature of his work as a writer led him to build a lasting connection Bslatin his time and shared with him the affairs of state. Had a distinct style, witty writing make it in writing masters of his time. I'm tempted described as "one of Sadat authors and their supervisors to Madeenah," and described Qalqashandi that "it is donating the book," [7].
Content
[Hide]
* 1 its inception and its
* 2 Baybars relationship phenomena, and sources of writing about it
* 3 the importance of his book on al-Zahir Baybars
* 4 His
* 5 index and notes
* 6 Sources and references
[Edit] His early life and work
Born and raised in Egypt in the house of science and literature, has been described Qalqashandi Abdul Zahir's family as "the house of eloquence and rhetoric of capital" [8]. His father, Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir judge has been made to teaching and education, Vttelmz at the hands of scientists of his time such as Jafar al-Hamdani, and Abdullah bin Ismail bin Ramadan and Yusuf Bin Almekheli, and others. In addition to learning the science of religion and jurisprudence have plied in the collection of historical science, and read for senior historians like Tabari, Ibn air and I'm soldiers and others.
Accompanied Mohi Din Bin Abdel Zaher Sultan Qtz in his campaign to Syria to address the Mongols, and wrote letters Gospel victory over the Mongols in the Battle of Ain Goliath, including a letter to al-Mansur the Yemen saying: "and grabbed the recession Muslims infidels Aguetnasa, and saw criminals fire and apprehend that they Mwaqaoha did not find it choice but not kindergarten only shield in the agenda but Husam, not a cloud not fall in Bel only arrows, and Madame only blood and tune only snort, and raving but deadly, and drunk but dead, until he became the camphor religious brothers, and discoloration of gravel of blood Aqiqa, beaten Soaking in the sky, road, and crowded Ganaib in space and makes it strait, and kill all infidels, obstinate, so what their hands (and your Lord is never unjust to the slaves) [9] "[10].
Zahir Baybars when he took power was the son of Abdul Zahir clerk in the Office of Construction [11]. And the reign of Baybars was a critical period in the history of Islam, as the Muslim world it has become threatened by the Mongols who swept through the eastern limb, and the crusaders aspiring to seize it [12]. Baybars has faced this challenge fateful dangerous through wars and military wars of diplomacy. The Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir writing abilities and rhetorical best help to Baybars in war diplomacy that has to send messages to allies and enemies alike. What is the science of Baybars embracing Baraka Khan King of Mongol Golden Horde to Islam even asked Mohieddin write a letter on his tongue to the pool Khan "attracted Bholako and is well known that the jihad is obligatory for him to the frequency of news Bisalamh and he has since entered the religion of Islam that is struggling the disbelievers and the likes of these words and similar incitement and the temptation "[13]. The Mohieddin that his speech was the lure of many sign and hatred between Berke and Hulagu Khan [14]. The reaction was rapid pool Khan as soon sent envoys to Cairo in 661 AH / 1262 [15] tells Baybars: "Let the Sultan, I fought Hulagu, who is flesh and blood to uphold the word of God the Supreme intolerant of the religion of Islam because Bagh and unjust unbeliever in Allah and His Messenger" [16].
6 Dhu al-Hijjah in the year 661 AH, arrived in Egypt a group of fleeing from the Mongol Hulagu after it became a pond Khan as an enemy, he asked for a pool of them to stay in Egypt to be the mainstay of Baybars against Hulagu. Vaatnguet Community of Islam and stayed in Egypt. I wrote Abdul Zahir poem on this occasion in which he said, addressing Baybars: "What of him being led like sheep spoil the Tatars. Siovk feared it Isitsogahm about curses. They came to your door, all harboring him to the campus" [17].
After the death of Caliph Abu al-Qasim Ahmad alias Mustansir which adorned Baybars and give him a mandate to legitimate governance [18] was in Cairo to swear allegiance to a successor is named Abu al-Abbas Ahmad has been allegiance after being asked Baybars of Mohieddin work tree Proof of Abu Abbas, ungainly and read to the people and pledged allegiance to, and the title Governor orders of God [19] [20].
[Edit] relationship phenomena, Baybars and the sources of writing about it
When he arrived at Zahir Baybars to power in 1260 was Fakhr al-Din ibn Luqman's Office of Construction [21], and Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir writer by [22], and then became Mohiuddin is the owner of office construction and writer-Sultan (the Clerk to the key in the era of Qalawun ). It is worth mentioning that the book Qalqashandi office construction during the reign of Zahir Baybars were three people most senior degree Mohi-Din Bin Abdel Zaher [23].
Won Mohieddin confidence apparent Bbebars after taking office and the nature of the work to make it permanent contact Bbebars, would attend the councils, in addition to that he was a writer responsible for correspondence and communications and correspondence "bath-mail" has summed up Baybars some important things such as moving the signs of victory to the Vice-Sultan Syria, headed by some embassies to the rulers. Mohiuddin has continued his high office in the Diwan of construction throughout the period of the reign of Sultan Baybars and his two sons, King Al-Baraka and Slamc and at least part of the reign of Qalawun.
Indicates the use of Mohiuddin in his book on al-Zahir Baybars of terms such as "victory of God" and "Maulana" when referring to Baybars, and "increased his greatness," when referring to the pool Khan King of the Mongols the Golden Horde, who died before Baybars, that Mohiuddin was written during the life of Baybars, not after his death. The Mohieddin that he wrote a book library service to the Sultan, "served the Treasury globe gather this biography" [24]. The Mohi-Din Baybars had helped him and compelled him information about his life. The Mohieddin meet Bbebars more fully part of the book to brief him on what has been written showing that the book was written under the supervision of al-Zahir Baybars, but this discharge the that Mohiuddin has changed some of the information - which could not be mentioned - when you review the book after the death of Baybars. Indicates investigator manuscript, that Mohiuddin in his book neglected to mention some of the information or stated vaguely, including topics related to childhood Baybars and his dispute with the Sultan Qtz, which ended the assassination of the latter.
The Mohi-Din Bin Abdel Zaher recorded his knowledge of the incidents immediately after they occur or after being able to get the information that he wanted to know and verified. Some of the sources of the State documents which were in his custody has allowed him the opportunity to meet his continuing Bbebars and senior statesmen. He examined Mohieddin Many of the incidents during the military campaigns, travel, also attended the siege Arsuf that fell in the hands of Baybars in April 26, 1265 [25], and other battles. In this connection mention Mohieddin at the beginning of his book: "It was owned by smaller travel watched and attended, Preview is not a story, and is familiar with the mystique attached secrets, and controlled Mbarha" [24].
In addition to the remembrance of the events he witnessed and attended by himself, the Mohieddin also stated before the events of his time has been adopted at the of his predecessors, historians, and was keen to mention the name of who said the information is indulging in the Secretariat and credibility.
[Edit] the importance of his book on al-Zahir Baybars
Book Rawd bright in the biography of King Zahir, which is the primary source for historians in later times for the age-Zahir Baybars, with the "History of King Zahir" for the Izz al-Din Ibn Shaddad is one of the two dates books in the age-Zahir Baybars [26] on the life of that Sultan Featured have reached manuscript Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir Fortunately, almost complete, but otherwise he was known much about al-Zahir Baybars and the era of important history of the Mamluk which is one of the most important episodes of Islamic and Arab worlds, and the popular interpretation Kharafi contained in the biography of al-Zahir Baybars is all available.
After the death of al-Zahir Baybars grief Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir Rthah poem impressive in which he says: "For heavy on the king, who was by the world puts on every Kafr house .. apparently the Sultan had Menen all Alory and goes .. to heavy on the views of those such as arrows to interests to send .. heavy on those wills have overlooked and how it was before the who does not ignore "[27] [28].
Is Mohi Din Bin Abdel Zaher of the highlights of who have served as the office construction, has introduced amendments and many changes in the format of documents and official documents, and the development of many of the conventions of construction and systems of Staff, remain organized and Astalahath in place throughout the Mamluk era [29].
Shortly before take-Ashraf Khalil, the throne of the Sultanate, retired Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir and appointed his son to open Din Mohammad, which states I'm tempted he was the first "author of mystery" in the country, and has had an incident famous with Ashraf Khalil, when you give it the mandate of the Covenant (see Ashraf Salah Din Khalil). Died Mohi Din Bin Abd El Zaher Cairo in 692 AH / 1292, has noted contemporary Prince of Baybars Aldoadar to his death in the events of 692 e in this way: "and where he died the judge Mohi Din Bin Abdul Zahir writer build-Sharif, with messages magnificent and notice of the kind and biography virtual that the finest systems and prose "[30].
[Edit] His works
* Rawd bright in the biography of King Zahir: the life of Sultan al-Zahir Baybars and the events of his reign. Library, manuscript no light to Istanbul. Lost some papers of the manuscript, including the first six papers. There is another manuscript in the British Museum in London which also lost some of the leaves.
K * Gorgeous depths in the plans of consoling Cairo: the city of Cairo has been used as a source of Al-for some of the information contained in the book "The sermons and account plans and the remembrance of the effects - Almqrizip plans."
* Honor the days and times in the biography of Malik al-Mansur: the life of Sultan Qalawun and his reign.
* Civilities of hidden curriculum fair Ashrafieh Bowl: the Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil ibn Qalawun and proceedings of his reign.
* Amulets bathroom [31]: bath-mail correspondence.
[Edit] Notes Index
1. ^ Rawd bright, Introduction, 9
2. ^ Gracing the days and times, Introduction, 13
3. ^ Qalqashandi, 8 / 43
4. ^ Qalqashandi, 7 / 264
5. ^ Knows Qalqashandi office construction as follows: "Matters of correspondence Bowl and the U.S. created him and start him" .- (Qalqashandi, 1 / 124)
6. ^ No book of the same name, but for the life of Sultan al-Zahir Tatar was written by Mahmud bin Ahmad Badr al-Din-kind
7. ^ Qalqashandi, 9 / 268
8. ^ Qalqashandi, 13/110
9. ^ Separated / 46 and the entirety of the verse: "Whoever works righteousness for his soul, and abused, it is to your Lord unjust to the slaves."
10. ^ Qalqashandi, 7 / 388
11. ^ Khuwaiter, 5
12. ^ Khuwaiter, 37
13. ^ Baybars Aldoadar, 70
14. ^ Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir 0.88 to 89
15. ^ Porter, 2 / 140
16. ^ Baybars Aldoadar, 82
17. ^ Baybars Aldoadar, 85
18. ^ After taking power-Zahir Baybars in Cairo established Abbasid Caliph, Abu Kassim Ahmad alias Mustansir God for the revival of the Abbasid Caliphate, which ruled by the Mongols in Baghdad. Baybars and provided that the Caliph money and weapons and went with him to Damascus and his intention to provide him with other Soldiers to seize Baghdad. But changed his mind and only send three hundred Fares only with him to Baghdad. Caliph and headed a small army to Iraq to liberate it from the Mongols, the Mongol army and met when the "Heat" did not escape from the army only a few have been found for the caliph al-Mustansir following since then. - (Porter, 2 / 133)
19. ^ Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir, 142
20. ^ Megreisi, 1 / 547
21. ^ Megreisi, 1 / 531
22. ^ Ibn Shaddad, 238
23. ^ Qalqashandi, 1 / 138
24. ^ A b Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir, 46
25. ^ Asali 0.29 to 27
26. ^ History of King Zahir, Introduction, 9
27. ^ I'm Iyas, 1 / 339
28. ^ I'm Shaddad, 1 / 245
29. ^ Qalqashandi, 11/175
30. ^ Baybars Aldoadar, 294
31. ^ Qalqashandi, 2 / 98, 14/435
[Edit] References
* I'm menopausal: Badaa'i flowers in the Proceedings of the ages, the Egyptian General Book Organization, Cairo 1982.
* I'm tempted: The stars in the depths of the kings of Egypt and Cairo, Egyptian life, Cairo, 1968.
* Abu Sacrifice: Manual of human beings in the news, Cairo 1325 AH.
* Bassam Al-Asali: Zahir Baybars and the end of the Crusades of old, Dar valuables, Beirut, 1981.
* Baybars Aldoadar: butter idea in the history of immigration, Association of German Orientalists, the United Company for Distribution, Beirut, 1998.
* Jamal al-Din Porter (Professor of Islamic history): History of Islamic Egypt, Dar knowledge, Cairo, 1966.
* Izz al-Din Ibn Shaddad: History of King Zaher, Published by Franz Steiner, Wiesbaden, 1983.
* Qalqashandi: Subh A'sha industry Alincha, Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut, 1988.
* Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir: Rawd bright in the biography of King Zaher, investigation and dissemination of Abdul Aziz al-Khuwaiter 1976
* Mohi-Din Bin Abdul Zahir: honor the days and times in the biography of Malik al-Mansur, to achieve d. Murad Kamel, the Arab Company for Printing and Publishing, Cairo 1961.
* Maqrizi: behavior to see the Kings States, Library, Cairo 1996.
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موضوع: محيي الدين أبو الفضل عبد الله بن رشيد الدين عبد الظاهر السعدي المصري 
الإثنين 30 أغسطس 2010 - 13:23
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